* Food, including plenty of hard candy and crackersĪ one-megaton bomb carries with it the explosive force of 1 million tons of TNT. Staples-meant to last up to two weeks-were regularly rotated by the city of Los Angeles until the mid-1980s. There was room for another 440,000 people in public fallout shelters deemed 40 to 1,000 times safer than nothing. There was space for more than 900,000 people in shelters rated 10 to 39 times safer than being unprotected. They could hold from as few as eight people to as many as 11,000. Others feared living after a nuclear holocaust.īy the mid-1970s, there were more than 500 designated public fallout shelters in the San Fernando Valley, including parking structures, film vaults, 21 McDonald’s restaurants and one mortuary. Kennedy urging the public to build backyard shelters, a Gallup Poll showed that many people feared they would die in an attack-even if they were in a shelter. In 1961, the same year Life magazine published a letter by President John F. In 1950, the year after the Soviet Union exploded its first atomic bomb, the United States established the Federal Civil Defense Administration to develop standards for fallout shelters and for warning the public about a nuclear attack. A bird’s-eye view shows the concentration of shelters that would have provided the most protection from nuclear attack. There were hundreds of designated fallout shelters in 1975, as shown on this present-day San Fernando Valley map.
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